Multiple myeloma is a clonal B cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of terminally differentiated, antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow. Genetic mutations within the myeloma cells and their interaction with various cytokines and growth factors contribute to the invasiveness of the disease and enhanced drug resistance.

Prognosis with pancreatic cancer is extremely poor, with a 5-year relative survival rate of 5% and median survival of 3.5 months for patients with Stage III non-resectable tumors.1 Unfortunately, the incidence of pancreatic cancer has been on the rise while the 5-year survival rate has not changed.

Introduction

At the protein level, humans and mice have similar, and at times nearly identical, amino acid sequences (Table 1).

One of these models is the MDA-MB-231 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line; which was derived from a metastatic site in a 51 year old Caucasian woman. This model has proven to be very valuable to the cancer research community.

While numerous assays are available to measure antigen specificity, many of these have limitations as they necessitate the use of model-specific reagents, genetically engineered animals, or cell subset purification steps. Our Preclinical Oncology offers a simplistic and affordable solution through ELISpot/FluoroSpot analysis.

The advent of immunotherapy has necessitated syngeneic mouse tumor models with desirable growth kinetics and response to immunomodulatory agents to furthe

The steady growth, and interest in immunotherapy has required continual development and optimization of syngeneic mouse tumor models with desirable grow

In preclinical research, small animal in vivo imaging plays an essential role in visualizing physiological processes, progression of disease and development of therapies.

We previously reported a median survival of 35-40 days in the orthotopic ID8 model accompanied by the development of peritoneal ascites.

The number of deaths caused by lung cancer peaked in 2005 at 159,292 and has been gradually declining ever since.^[1] However, the five-year lung cancer survival rate is only around 20% and is considerably lower than other cancers.